Some patients believe that dietary treatment for pancreatitis is no different from diet 5a and continue to follow its recommendations. This is understandable because most people initially receive long-term treatment for cholecystitis, gallstone disease or hepatitis. They are well acquainted with Tables 5a and 5, which set out the necessary dietary standards for these diseases.
But if pancreatitis is detected, diet 5a should be modified. The changes that occur when the pancreas is damaged require a correction in the content of proteins, fats and carbohydrates. The diet for patients with pancreatitis is called "5p". It has increased the protein content to 150 g (at No. 5 100-120 g), reduced the amount of fat (at No. 5 at least 70 g) and carbohydrates (at No. 5 at least 300 g). Rules for cooking and restricting food choices remain common.
Basic nutritional requirements
The proposed dietary rules # 5p do not preclude the use of concomitant diseases of the digestive system. They are important for creating maximum unloading of the pancreas.
- Cook food only boiled, cooked, cooked or steamed. The frying method is completely forbidden.
- Observe the savings of the damaged organ by grinding all the dishes during the most acute phase of the disease.
- Moderate temperature required (no sharp fluctuations from cold to hot).
- It is necessary to feed the patient small amounts of food, but after every 3-4 hours. Avoid plenty of one-time meals, overeating and even diet meals.
- Maintain a daily caloric intake of at least 3000 kcal.
Recommended diet charts according to Povzner take into account options for periods of exacerbation and beyond when the pain is gone, but maintaining and continuing a proper diet in pancreatitis is very important.
5p diet option for exacerbation of pancreatitis
The clinical manifestations of acute and chronic pancreatitis in the worsening stage (severe pain, vomiting, nausea, diarrhea) do not allow the patient to eat normally. Treatment requires complete fasting for two to four days. You can not drink even in the first days, the liquid is injected intravenously.
After stopping vomiting and pain, an initial 5p diet is prescribed. Its purpose is to reduce the formation of gastric acid and allow the pancreas to concentrate all its forces in the process of struggle for survival.
The diet allows a period of use of not more than two weeks, as its composition is not balanced (protein is reduced to 60 g, fat to 50 g, carbohydrates to 200-280 g, with a total calorie content of 1800 kcal). Of course, bed rest and lack of exercise are recommended.
The menu of a patient with pancreatitis consists of mashed cereal mucous soups, liquid cereals in water (excluding semolina and rice), vegetable puree or carrots with the addition of zucchini, boiled cabbage (all), jelly, jelly, puddings, some white crackers. Everything is served and cooked without oil. You can drink up to 2 liters of water, rose broth, slightly sweet weak tea. After this choice, after a doctor's recommendation, they switch to the second type of food.
Diet without exacerbation of pancreatitis
The onset of an effective recovery process is judged by the normalization of temperature, the reduction of the frequency of diarrhea and the absence of pain. The diet for pancreatitis is extended, but the maximum rules of proteins, fats and carbohydrates are observed. It is necessary to include a set of vitamins in the current therapeutic diet to activate the body's defenses. The patient should follow this diet throughout his life.
Diet for pancreatitis categorically prohibits:
- fatty meats, fish and rich vegetarian (with cabbage or mushrooms) soups.
- fatty beef and pork, duck?
- lard and cooking oil?
- smoked meat, hot snacks, sauces, canned food in any form, sausages.
- rich pastries, cooking creams, chocolate, pies, brown bread.
- from vegetables the diet for pancreatitis does not recommend radishes, cabbage, turnips, sorrel, spinach.
- carbonated drinks, beer, alcohol, coffee.
Recommended products and meals:
- dried white bread or croutons, dry biscuits?
- steamed, baked, lean meat and poultry dishes, meatballs, meatballs and pots of meat.
- cereal soups, with noodles, you can taste with sour cream.
- non-acid cottage cheese, varieties of hard cheese?
- butter or vegetable oil should be added directly to the dish, no more than one tablespoon per day.
- semi-liquid porridge, boiled in water or diluted milk.
- uncooked apples, jelly or fruit compote?
- lightly brewed tea with milk or rose hips in broth, slightly sweetened.
The diet for relapsing pancreatitis is the following sample menu for an employee for the day:
- Breakfast before work - you can make a steam protein omelette from two eggs or half a serving of oatmeal in milk, tea with milk.
- Breakfast # 2 (during lunch) - get boiled meat with mashed potatoes or vegetables, half a packet of cottage cheese, if at work you have the opportunity to heat it in the microwave, be sure to use it.
- Slightly sweet tea.
- Lunch (at home after work) - vegetarian potato soup half a plate, steamed meatballs with vegetable puree, apple jelly in xylitol.
- Dinner - a piece of boiled chicken, a pot of cottage cheese, tea with milk.
- At night (no later than 21 hours) fruit jelly in xylitol.
It is possible to take whole vegetables and fruits, as well as extend the diet only with the consent of a doctor, after an examination to make sure that the enzymatic activity of the pancreas is restored and that there is no inflammation.